Integration of Sīla, Samādhi, and Paññā into Character Education for Generations Z and Alpha in the Digital Era

Abstract

This study analyzes the relevance of Buddhist value-based character education to the character development of Generations Z and Alpha in the digital era. The study employed a qualitative design and a literature review method. The data came from the Tipiṭaka, particularly the Sigālovāda Sutta, as well as relevant books and journal articles. The study applied thematic content analysis to identify, classify, and synthesize the principles of Buddhist character education. The results show that sīla, samādhi, and paññā form a complementary structure of character development. Sīla provides the foundation for digital ethics by regulating speech, conduct, and social responsibility. Samādhi strengthens the regulation of attention, emotions, and digital device use, whereas paññā develops ethical literacy by enabling individuals to assess the accuracy of information, risks, digital footprints, and moral consequences. The internalization of these three values requires collaboration among families, formal schools, and Buddhist Sunday Schools through value introduction, role modeling, habituation, and reflection. The findings emphasize the need for a Buddhist character education model that responds to the realities of digital life. The originality of this study lies in its integration of the three Buddhist trainings, the relational ethics of the Sigālovāda Sutta, and collaboration among three educational environments as a framework for developing the character of digital generations.